RoB 1 · Cochrane classic

Risk-of-bias example: Cochrane RoB 1 (RevMan style)

Traffic-light plot of the original Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for seven trials, pasted straight from RevMan-style +, ? and − symbols.

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StudyD1D2D3D4D5D6D7Bauer 2008+?×++?+Costa 2009++++?++Dubois 2010??×?++?Eriksen 2011++×+×++Ferrari 2013+?+++×+Gomez 2014×××?+??Hansen 2016+++++++D1: Random sequence generation (selection bias)D2: Allocation concealment (selection bias)D3: Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)D4: Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)D5: Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)D6: Selective reporting (reporting bias)D7: Other biasJudgement:+Low?Unclear×High
Original Cochrane risk-of-bias judgements for seven trials, entered as +, ? and −. Illustrative data.

About this example

Many published reviews, and reviews updated from RevMan 5, still use the original Cochrane tool with seven domains and low, unclear or high risk. Its tables are often written with symbols, and here they are pasted as they are: + for low, ? for unclear and − for high risk.

Without an Overall column the plot shows the domains only, which matches how RoB 1 was usually reported. For new reviews of randomised trials, Cochrane recommends RoB 2.

The data

StudyRandom sequence generationAllocation concealmentBlinding of participants and personnelBlinding of outcome assessmentIncomplete outcome dataSelective reportingOther bias
Bauer 2008+?-++?+
Costa 2009++++?++
Dubois 2010??-?++?
Eriksen 2011++-+-++
Ferrari 2013+?+++-+
Gomez 2014---?+??
Hansen 2016+++++++

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